Microwave Bio-Radar Monitoring of Gene-controlled Activity Changes of Normal and Mouth-breathing Rats

In this paper, microwave biomedical radar is used for the first time to monitor rat activity levels in an experiment investigating their biological rhythms. Cameras are commonly used for activity monitoring, but the images they capture require considerable computational resources and can be easily affected by lighting conditions. Biomedical radar provides a more convenient and lower-computation way to continuously record rat activity. Additionally, the daily expression of genes in rats has been measured, allowing for alignment with one-week monitored rat activity using the dynamic time warping. These genes are linked to the regulation of the rat biological rhythm, and the alignment is corroborated by the activity data obtained from radar monitoring. Mouth breathing is identified as a risk factor for variations in gene expression, as evidenced by differences in activity between normal and mouth-breathing rats. This controlled experiment may aid in the pathological diagnosis of abnormal respiratory disorders such as obstructive apnea. Most importantly, this study articulates a novel perspective linking gene expression to radar monitoring.