Methods for Efficient Utilization of IEC 60870-5-101/104 Telecontrol Communication Protocols in Telemechanics Systems

The paper examines the integration of conventional power substations and digital substations within a unified system, focusing on the IEC 60870-5-101/104 and IEC 61850 telecontrol protocols. While IEC 61850 offers advanced features like GOOSE messaging and standardized object-oriented communication, its adoption often excludes legacy systems using IEC 60870-5-104, despite their reliability. The study highlights challenges in modernizing substations, including diagnostic limitations, asymmetric channel performance, and the need for redundant communication. A decentralized architecture is proposed, where source modules independently generate timestamped messages, reducing controller dependency and improving data reliability. This approach minimizes transmission delays, enhances noise immunity, and ensures scalability. However, it introduces greater module complexity, requiring precise time synchronization. The paper concludes that hybrid systems must balance IEC 61850’s advantages with the robustness of legacy protocols, emphasizing optimized interoperability and fault tolerance for modern energy management systems.