A Frequency Beam-Scanning TMA Without Utilizing Phase Shifters or Complex Feeds

True metasurface antennas (TMAs) have already been introduced as a novel concept for the development of ultra-thin superdense antenna arrays. A shortcoming of the existing TMAs is that they have not been able to provide a passive reconfigurable TMA. In this paper, we design, simulate, and measure a new reconfigurable passive TMA, inspired by dynamic traveling-wave metasurface antenna arrays for beam steering. Such compact passive reconfigurable TMAs are in great demand in 6G networks and other terrestrial communication applications and in today’s spacecraft or space satellites.