Estimation of Evapotranspiration Using GIS and Remote Sensing With Landsat Images

Global warming and climate change onset as well as weather patterns have impacted agriculture greatly over the years. Precision agriculture and efficiency in crop management is the need of the hour. Space applications such as GIS, remote sensing, Earth observation etc. are employed to make cultivation more productive and by furnishing this useful information for farmers to make them empowered in their agricultural activities. The knowledge or facts usually mean data of several parameters that could be temporal, atmospheric or resource type. This paper focuses on the estimation of one such parameter that affects crops named Evapotranspiration (ET). Estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) parameters is essential for understanding crop water requirements and to find out the ground water recharge. The measurement of this ET has helped in food security and effective water resource management. The geographical area Wolcott Kansas City, Kansas is chosen for the analysis and satellite imagery of the area for the crop soya bean from the year 2020-2022. From sowing to cultivation of a particular crop is obtained and analyzed using QGIS software. Other parameters like Photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), Biomass Index, Crop yield, Leaf area index are also calculated for the crop during the timeline. Incorporation of more accurate models and many other relevant parameters to ET with the addition of A.I/ML tools are planned for future work.