Pulse Coherent Accumulation for Direct Localization of Ground-Based Emitters via Dual Satellites

This paper addresses the critical issues of signal association difficulties and information loss in passive localization of ground-based radiation sources by satellite platforms, which stem from the requirement for parameter measurement. We propose an innovative pulse coherent accumulation direct localization algorithm designed for unknown radiation sources. By utilizing pulse time difference and phase difference information, the algorithm constructs a cost function based on the maximum likelihood estimation principle, facilitating accurate localization. Extensive simulation analyses demonstrate the algorithm's efficacy in satellite-based applications, with pulse coherent accumulation notably improving localization accuracy, especially in low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios.