Bayesian Quantum Neural Network for Renewable- Rich Power Flow with Training Efficiency and Generalization Capability Improvements

This paper addresses the challenges of power flow calculation in large-scale power systems with high renewable penetration, focusing on computational efficiency and generalization. Traditional methods, while accurate, struggle with scalability for large power systems. Existing data-driven deep learning approaches, despite their speed, require extensive training data and lacks generalization capability in face of unseen scenarios, such as uncertainties of power flow caused by renewables. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel power flow calculation model based on Bayesian Quantum Neural Networks (BayesianQNNs). This model leverages quantum computing's ability to improve the training efficiency. The BayesianQNN is trained using Bayesian methods, enabling it to update its understanding of renewable energy uncertainties dynamically, improving generalization to unseen data. Additionally, we introduce two evaluation metrics: effective dimension for model complexity and generalization error bound to assess the model's performance in unseen scenarios. Our approach demonstrates improved training efficiency and better generalization capability, making it as an effective tool for future steady-state power system analysis.