An IoT-Integrated Autonomous Fire Extinguishing and Surveillance Robot Development Using Smart Camera Module

The Internet of Robotics, an evolving field driven by the ongoing Internet of Things (IoT) revolution, is increasingly integrating robotics into various everyday activities. This development has reached a mature stage, continually advancing with new discoveries. Robots are now capable of performing a wide range of complex tasks that were previously impossible or dangerous for humans. This research proposes the development of an IoT-enabled smart autonomous robot with surveillance capabilities to detect and extinguish fires. To achieve this, the system utilizes an Espressif Systems 32 Camera (ESP32-CAM) module, an Arduino microcontroller, and two flame sensors. Experimental results demonstrate the robot’s effectiveness in patrolling busy areas. The robot is equipped with an ESP32-CAM for real-time monitoring and fire detection, a gear motor and motor driver for mobility, a flame sensor for fire detection, and a relay driver for pump control. Upon receiving a signal from the flame sensor, the Arduino initiates the extinguishing procedure. The ESP32-CAM provides real-time video, which can be monitored and controlled via a smartphone, while the flame sensor continuously scans the environment. Upon fire detection, the system activates the water pump, spraying water through a sprinkler until the fire is extinguished.