Circular Antenna Array Optimization Using MSGOA - Constrained Null Pattern Synthesis

Antenna arrays are widely acknowledged for their exceptional directionality and spectral efficiency, pivotal in modern wireless communication technologies. Numerous innovations have emerged within antenna research, among which the array stands out as a particularly compelling and appealing concept. The evolution of array antennas arises from the imperative to enhance the efficacy of traditional single-element antennas. These arrays, strategically deploying multiple elements, confer specific advantages in communication, sensing, and radar systems. They significantly improve directionality, beam steering, and spatial diversity capabilities, establishing themselves as pivotal components in contemporary wireless technologies. Antenna arrays manifest in various configurations, including linear, two-dimensional, circular, and spherical arrangements of elements. Among these, the circular array (CA) stands out as a widely embraced type, offering notable advantages such as performing a full 360 -degree scan around its centre and maintaining an invariant beam pattern.