Design of Triband Planar Monopole Antenna for Internet of Things (IoT) – Based Pet Feeder Application

The increasing use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has driven the need for compact, efficient, and multiband antennas, especially for consumer-level applications such as smart pet feeders. This research proposes a compact triband planar monopole antenna using a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) structure with an inverted-L slot, designed for operation at 2.4 GHz, 3.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz. Simulated using CST Studio Suite, the antenna demonstrates return losses of −20.9 dB, −17.18 dB, and −18.88 dB, and VSWR values below 2 at all bands. The antenna exhibits omnidirectional radiation and compact dimensions suitable for embedded applications. Compared to existing works, this design achieves an effective balance between performance and size, specifically tailored to the spatial constraints of pet feeder enclosures. Further validation through experimental prototyping confirms the antenna’s viability for practical IoT deployment.