Whale Optimization Algorithm to Optimal Placement and Size of Single Tuned Filter in PT. Semen Tonasa

Harmonic filters are essential components in electric power systems, serving to reduce harmonic distortion that, if uncontrolled, can cause equipment failure, lower system efficiency, and increase power losses. Nonlinear loads, especially those with semiconductor-based devices, are a significant source of harmonics in today’s distribution networks. These harmonics degrade power quality and raise the chances of equipment damage and energy inefficiencies. This study investigates the impact of nonlinear loads on harmonic distribution within a radial distribution network, focusing on Substation 2 Tonasa IV at PT. Semen Tonasa. By applying the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) in MATLAB 2021b, the research seeks to optimize harmonic reduction techniques. Simulation results indicate that positioning a harmonic filter at bus 6 is most effective for reducing harmonic spread in the Tonasa IV system. With a single-tuned filter rated at 1109.747 kVAR, the system realizes a total loss reduction of about 4.55%, underscoring the importance of targeted filter placement to improve power quality and operational efficiency in industrial power distribution