Key technologies of isolating switches: research status of intelligent sensing, digital twin, environmental protection arc extinguishing and new materials

Isolating switches, as core equipment in power systems, are accelerating their transformation towards intelligence and greenness through technological innovation. This article focuses on four key technology areas: intelligent sensing, digital twin, environmental arc quenching, and advanced materials, systematically reviewing their current research status and development trends. Intelligent sensing technology achieves real-time monitoring of equipment mechanical conditions and contact performance through multi-source sensor fusion, advancing fault diagnosis from threshold alerts to full-cycle prediction. Digital twin technology constructs Multiphysics coupled models, significantly enhancing the efficiency of product virtual validation and structural optimization. In the field of environmental arc quenching, breakthroughs have been made by overcoming traditional gas medium limitations, forming a gas-vacuum collaborative arc quenching technology system that ensures switching performance while reducing carbon footprint. Advanced material research focuses on arc resistance, lightweight design, and high conductivity, breaking through performance bottlenecks in key components through nanocomposite modification and new coating technologies. Studies show that continuous breakthroughs in these four technology systems provide theoretical support and technical pathways for building highly reliable and intelligent isolating switches, offering significant guidance for the technological iteration of power equipment.