Analysis of the Evolutionary Trends of Domestic and International Vehicle-to-Grid Large Models Technical Standards and Policies and Regulations

This study systematically uses bibliometrics and dynamic network analysis methods to examine the characteristics of the synergistic evolution of technical standard systems and policy and regulatory frameworks in Vehicle-to-Grid based on $\mathbf{3, 1 3 0}$ global literature data from 2016-2025. It is found that the international research paradigm presents significant stage-bystage evolution characteristics: in the infrastructure phase (20162018), the research focuses on the standardisation of charging interfaces, and the Chinese GB/T 20234 standard and the European CCS standard achieve technological docking; in the policy-driven phase (2019-2022), which is dominated by institutional innovation, the dynamic tariff mechanism and the carbon credit trading policy prompt the ISO 15118-20 protocol adoption rate; the intelligent integration phase (2023-2025) is characterised by the deep penetration of generative AI technology, shortening the standard iteration cycle to $\mathbf{1 1}$ months. Geographically, China dominates charging standards, and the EU/US lead market mechanisms, while Japan/Korea pioneer home energy solutions. The study proposes AI-enhanced standard optimization and cross-border mutual recognition frameworks, urging socio-technical simulations to quantify policy impacts on technology diffusion in vehicle-road-cloud ecosystems.