Multiuser Sum-Rate Maximization for Reconfigurable Pixel Antenna-Based Electronic Movable-Antenna Arrays

Movable and fluid antennas (MAs/FAs) have attracted significant interest due to their potential in enhancing wireless transmission performance through dynamic adjustment of antenna positions. However, most existing works focus on mechanical MAs/FAs, which rely on intricate mechanical operations and are consequently unsuitable for rapidly varying channels. To overcome these limitations, we propose a reconfigurable pixel antenna-based electronic movable-antenna array (REMAA). In the REMAA, each antenna is characterized by a set of predefined and discretely selectable radiation positions within the radiating region. By electronically controlling the interconnections among pixel elements, the REMAA offers enhanced flexibility in adjusting antenna positions. Furthermore, we formulate a multiuser sum-rate maximization problem subject to the power constraint and hardware constraints of the REMAA. We then propose a two-loop joint beamforming and antenna selection algorithm to address this problem. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the REMAA closely approximates that of mechanical MAs/FAs.