Assessing STEM Initiatives for Malaysian Secondary Schools: A Case Study on Basics of Sustainability (BoS)

This paper presents preliminary findings from an exploration of the teaching and learning of a newly developed elective course, Basics of Sustainability (BoS), in two remote Malaysian secondary schools. Offered to Form Four and Form Five students (ages 16-17), BoS was introduced in alignment with the Malaysian Education Blueprint, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the K-12 STEM Education Initiatives. While sustainability education is gaining traction in Malaysia, studies on its classroom implementation remain limited, especially in under-resourced settings. Using the Integrated STEM Education Framework prescribed by the Ministry of Education, this study investigates the challenges of delivering BoS to students from the B40 group—those in the lowest income bracket, including marginalized learners from indigenous communities and those with disabilities. The central research focus in on teaching topics that often assume a level of technological access and literacy typically associated with more privileged learners. Preliminary findings highlight two key themes: limited resources and inadequate technological infrastructure. One critical implication is the need for targeted teacher training, particularly for novice educators with minimal background in sustainability. Additionally, ensuring stable internet access in remote schools is essential for the delivery of BoS content.