Resource Adequacy and Forecasting: An ISO Perspective on Challenges Associated with Large Flexible Loads

In the wavering glow of early electric lamps, Samuel Insull saw a future that few could imagine. At the dawn of the 20th century, electricity was a marvel, but one with limited reach: used mainly for lighting, it flickered on in the evening and faded to darkness as night settled in. Beyond its limited utility, electricity was prohibitively expensive, a luxury reserved for those who could afford its steep costs.