Ultrasonic Anemometer Using Microphones

This study presents a microphone-based system for wind speed measurement, eliminating the need for traditional mechanical components. The primary objective is to demonstrate the feasibility of using an ultrasonic transducer and acoustic sensors, specifically digital or analog microphones, to detect the change of phase differences due to wind speed. In contrast to conventional anemometers which rely on moving parts, such as cups or vanes, the proposed system uses the change of the phase shift or pulse delay in the microphones as a measure of time-offlight (ToF). The research involves the design, calibration, and testing of a prototype that integrates sound wave analysis, wind velocity estimation, and computational methods. Key factors such as environmental noise, microphone response characteristics, electronic interference, and calibration were considered to optimize measurement accuracy and reliability. The results suggest that the microphone-based anemometer offers an inexpensive, viable solution with advantages including reduced mechanical wear, lower maintenance requirements, and lower manufacturing costs. The findings prove the concept of ultrasonic and microphone wind speed measurement, opening the door for further refinement of the technology. This work contributes to the growing need for acoustic wind speed measurement solutions for both environmental monitoring and industrial applications.