Innovations and Challenges in the Agri-Food Supply Chain: Analysis of Methodologies and Tools

The agri-food supply chain has undergone significant transformations over the past decade, driven by increasing concerns over sustainability, efficiency, and technological advancements. As global food systems face growing pressures from climate change, regulatory demands, and shifting consumer expectations, researchers have explored a wide range of methodologies and tools to enhance logistics, traceability, and environmental impact assessment. Various approaches, including mathematical modeling, digital technologies such as IoT and blockchain, and sustainability frameworks like Life Cycle Assessment, have emerged as key areas of focus. However, challenges remain in standardizing methodologies, integrating new technologies across diverse agricultural systems, and balancing economic, environmental, and social objectives. This study provides an in-depth review of recent research trends from 2014 to 2025, highlighting the strengths and limitations of current approaches and offering recommendations for future advancements in the field.