FBG-Based 3D-Printed Nearable Device for Cardiorespiratory Monitoring in Video Terminal Workers

In recent years, digitalization and the adoption of remote and hybrid work models have transformed the labor market, increasing sedentary behavior and prolonged exposure to video terminals. In this context, psychophysiological monitoring of video terminal workers is essential for assessing their health status and identifying stress and fatigue conditions related to extreme working environments. Nearable technologies, such as instrumented chairs and cushions, are emerging as non-invasive solutions for prolonged monitoring without compromising comfort. Among the sensors used for physiological monitoring, Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors stand out for their flexibility, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and high metrological performance. Moreover, with the increasing use of 3D printing through Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) in the biomedical field, it is possible to encapsulate FBGs in printed structures, enhancing their robustness and metrological properties. This study proposes a nearable sensing element based on FBG technology, integrated into a 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) component, designed for cardiorespiratory monitoring of video terminals workers. The nearable, intended to be placed on the backrest of an office chair, was designed, fabricated, and metrologically characterized. Finally, it was preliminarily tested to assess its effectiveness in estimating respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) under both physiological and pathological conditions (simulated by subjects through quiet and fast breathing). The results confirm the potential of the proposed solution for RR and HR monitoring in the workplace.