Performance Comparison of Self-Excited and Doubly Fed Induction Generators in Wind Energy Systems

The increasing adoption of wind energy has led to the widespread use of induction generators, with Self-Excited Induction Generators (SEIGs) and Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs) being two primary configurations. This analyses the differences between SEIGs and DFIGs in terms of operational principles, control complexity, grid integration, efficiency, and economic feasibility. Self-Excited Induction Generators (SEIGs) are well adapted to a wide range of conditions, making them a good solution for many applications of wind energy. They are simple, reliable, and cheap. But SEIGs work better if they don't have to deal with variable loads, which is not untypical even for wind generators. They can also supply reactive power— necessary for voltage control and stability—but they must first be wired to an external device that produces (or absorbs) reactive power.On the other hand, DFIGs have partial-scale power converters. These allow power to flow in both directions, let the DFIG run at any speed, and help in synchronizing the DFIG with the grid. DFIGs have independent control over both active and reactive power, which enables them to work really well whenever there are problems with the grid. That is, DFIGs have got the 'fault ride through' capability that makes them a great choice for big offshore windmills. And yet, the DFIG is not a simple piece of machinery. Recent advancements in control strategies and fault mitigation have improved both systems, expanding their applicability in wind energy. This review provides insights into the trade-offs associated with each generator type to assist in selecting the most suitable configuration for optimized wind energy conversion and grid stability.