Designing a Universal Electron Gun for Several Types of O-Type Electron Tubes

In the construction of electron tubes, one of the main elements is the electron gun, the main components of which are the cathode, the filament system, the focusing system and the mechanical structure together with thermal screens. A practical solution is the greatest possible unification of the structure, which additionally gives the advantage of common assembly devices, templates, etc., which is possible in the case of the operation of the gun in a similar range of voltages and currents. The article presents the challenges that designers face when creating the design of electron guns, a topic that is paradoxically still very current and the latest digital technologies allow us to look at the issue again in an innovative way.