Applications of Heuristic Optimization Algorithms in Distribution and Power Transformer Design: A Survey

Transformers are critical components in electrical power systems, enabling efficient voltage regulation and energy transmission. Their design involves complex trade-offs among electrical, thermal, mechanical, and economic factors. This paper reviews the application of heuristic optimization algorithms in transformer design, highlighting their effectiveness in addressing the nonlinear and constrained nature of the problem. Common objectives include minimizing cost and power losses, with an increasing interest in multi-objective approaches. Heuristic methods offer flexible and powerful tools for enhancing transformer performance to meet the evolving needs of modern power systems.