Bridging the Competency Gap: Aligning Digital Competency Framework 2.2 for Citizens with Public Sector Digital Competencies for Industry 4.0

The systematic literature review examines public sector digital competencies in Industry 4.0 and the European Digital Competency Framework for Citizens (DigComp 2.2). As Industry 4.0 advances technology across sectors, public administration must improve digital competencies. Digital competency frameworks like DigComp 2.2 inform policy and education, but their use in public service is unclear and not Industry 4.0-ready. SPIDER and PRISMA were used to review 59 articles, and 11 met the final eligibility criteria. ROBIS identified 7 low-risk bias articles. In public sector literature, only 60 of DigComp 2.2’s 327 sub-competencies ($18.34 \%$) were identified, highlighting a gap between citizen-oriented frameworks and the advanced digital competencies needed for modern public service under Industry 4.0. The most common competency was information and data literacy (24), followed by communication and collaboration (20) and problem-solving (19). Digital content creation was mentioned only eight times, indicating a skills gap that could impede public service digital transformation. This study emphasizes the need to add Industry 4.0 skills like data analytics, cybersecurity, digital infrastructure management, and AI literacy to competency frameworks.