Internal Model Control for Efficient Power and Current Management in Grid-Tied VSIs

Grid-connected inverters are evaluated under operational challenges such as grid disturbances, nonlinearities, and parameter variations. This paper investigates the Internal Model Control (IMC) principle for inverter control in renewable energy integration, microgrids, and smart grids. A literature review that is followed by a detailed analysis on mathematical base of IMC examines existing control strategies and their limitations. The study highlights the robustness of IMC in managing system uncertainties and disturbances by highlighting its advantages over conventional control methods. Mitigation strategies including advanced filtering and adaptive control are discussed. To validate the proposed IMC-based control strategy, simulations assess its performance under different grid conditions. Results confirm the ability of IMC to enhance stability, reduce harmonic distortion, and improve dynamic response. The study also explores future advancements, focusing on weak grid environments and optimized filter topologies to improve power quality. Outcomes contribute to developing more resilient and adaptive inverter control strategies for modern energy systems that reinforce the role of IMC in ensuring stable and efficient grid integration.