Development of an Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Arduino-Based Photovoltaic Tracking System for Optimized Energy Efficiency

This article presents the development of an automated photovoltaic tracking system using Arduino to optimize solar energy capture. The system adjusts panel orientation based on light intensity, using LDR sensors, SG90 servomotors, and PID algorithms for precise and dynamic positioning. The design features a reliable hardware and software setup with a sensor shield and simplified wiring. It features a redundant control system with manual intervention, ensuring continuous operation in the event of faults. The system quickly adapts to atmospheric changes, thereby maximizing efficiency. Future expansion through fuzzy logic-based artificial intelligence is proposed to enhance performance under complex weather conditions, increasing long-term durability and energy output.