Ultrafast Simultaneous T1, T2, T2*, PD, ΔB0, and B1 Mapping via Longitudinal Magnetization Controlled MOLED Acquisition

Objective: Multi-parametric quantitative mag- netic resonance imaging (mqMRI) provides comprehensive and accurate information about tissue microstructure and holds significant clinical value for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, conventional methods require long scan time, leading to registration errors and physiological variability between different sequence acqui- sitions. This study aims to propose an advanced imaging method that addresses these limitations. Methods: A novel approach called longitudinal magnetization controlled multiple overlapping-echo detachment (LMC-MOLED) imaging was proposed. LMC-MOLED leverages a deep neural network trained on synthetic data generated from Bloch simulation, incorporating non-ideal factors such as B0 and B1 inhomogeneities to efficiently reconstruct parametric maps. Results: LMC-MOLED enables simulta- neous quantification of T1, T2, T2*, proton density (PD), ΔB0, and B1 parameters in approximately 1.2 seconds per slice. Validation experiments using numerical brain, phantom, and human brains demonstrate its excellent performance, particularly in terms of acquisition speed, image quality, and robustness. Additionally, LMC-MOLED effectively corrects distortions introduced by long echo train acquisition. Conclusion and Significance: LMC-MOLED offers a rapid, robust solution for mqMRI, providing multi-parametric mapping in a single scan with signify- cantly reduced acquisition time. It holds potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and alleviate patient burden.