A Cost-Effective IoT-based Patient Health Monitoring System using ESP8266

This paper presents a cost-effective IoT-based Patient Health Monitoring System designed to provide continuous, real-time monitoring of vital signs, particularly suited for use in rural clinics and low-resource healthcare settings. The system integrates key health sensors including the MAX30102 (heart rate and SpO₂, 95% accuracy), a blood pressure sensor, and temperature sensors such as BMP180 (300–1100 hPa) and/or DHT11 (±2°C, 0–50°C). Threshold values are set for each parameter, and when readings exceed normal limits, automatic alerts are sent to assigned caregivers or nurses. This immediate notification mechanism helps reduce delays in medical attention and supports timely intervention. The system offers an overall accuracy of 95% and is built to be low-cost, easy to implement, and scalable. By leveraging IoT technology, it enhances patient monitoring while reducing the workload on medical staff. The proposed system provides an efficient and affordable solution to improve healthcare delivery, especially in rural and underserved areas where continuous medical supervision may not always be available.