Comprehensive Navigation Solutions for Visually Impaired Users: Features and Implementation of Smart Blind Sticks - a Review

The Smart Blind Stick is an innovation in assistive technology for the visually impaired, integrating advanced sensors and communication modules to enhance mobility, safety, and independence. The device incorporates ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection, GPS(Global Positioning System) and GSM(Global System for Mobile Communication) modules for real-time tracking and emergency communication, and AIdriven object recognition systems, providing holistic environmental awareness and navigation assistance. The design utilizes microcontrollers such as Arduino to ensure proper integration and processing of sensor data for accessible audio and haptic feedback. Moving beyond the confines of traditional mobility aids, the Smart Blind Stick features more extended functionalities such as water detection, staircase alert, and voice interaction to meet the various needs of the user inside and outside the building. Affordability and user-friendliness are central in this innovation to empower the visually impaired in traversing their environment with confidence and independence.