Testing Cross-Library Compatibility of RSA Keys

RSA keys are widely utilized in certificate generation processes, underscoring the critical importance of ensuring cross-library compatibility for these keys during certificate validation. To address this challenge, we propose a three-stage certificate-generation-oriented framework designed to rigorously evaluate the interoperability of RSA keys across diverse cryptographic libraries. First, RSA keys adhering to varying specifications, bit lengths, prime configurations are generated by cryptographic libraries automatically. Second, the generated RSA keys are loaded into programs implemented across different libraries, which then attempt to construct certificates. During this phase, exceptions arising from key loading and certificate generation processes are captured. The captured exceptions are analyzed to refine the testing process. Finally, the cross-library compatibility is conclusively established if there is no further refinement. We conducted extensive experiments, yielding actionable insights into both compatible and incompatible RSA keys scenarios. Our findings highlight critical interoperability gaps and provides a foundational dataset for developing more robust cryptographic libraries.