Design and implementation of energy efficiency audit, carbon footprint tracking and sustainable development path planning system for green economy enterprises based on blockchain technology

This study examines a solution that entails the use of a blockchain-based system for designing these processes to be transparent and secure. Through the use of blockchain technology, it becomes possible for the proposed system to compile data from IoT based energy meters, carbon trackers, and sustainability reporting systems in real time to boost data credibility and the system’s efficiency. Empirical evidence gathered from 15 green enterprises across Europe demonstrated significant improvements: average savings of wastage energy was 18%, accuracy in reporting of carbon emissions was 25% better than traditional methods. Moreover, the system allowed increasing sustainability targets by 22%, and providing 15% cost reduction for overall operations, audits and reporting. The blockchain framework used in this work is Hyperledger Fabric; data integrity is guaranteed, and the proposed methods anonymize the data and meet the GDPR’s requirements. The study also demonstrates that blockchain technology is also expandable to some of the existing system challenges such as; data manipulation, opacity and illogical sustainability. Besides, machine learning and predictive analysis are valuable to improve the efficiency of decisions and to identify the patterns that may lead to sustainable development scenarios. Besides rectifying the knowledge gap of Sustainability concepts alongside innovation and sustainable development concerning green enterprises and innovations it also outlines a process through which sustainable development goals could be achieved in the shortest time through integration of blockchain technology and machine learning in societies within and across the globe.