A DIgSILENT-Based Comparative Study of Hydrogen Storage and Lithium-Ion Battery Technologies

The storage of electrical energy dates back to the early 1800s. One of the major challenges hindering the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind is their intermittent nature. Because these sources are not continuously available, energy storage has become essential to ensuring supply security and maintaining grid stability. In addition to balancing fluctuations in energy production, storage systems also contribute to network stabilization, particularly when the system is disconnected from the main grid. This study presents a comparative analysis of hydrogen-based energy storage systems and lithium-ion battery systems using the DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. Unlike previous research, this work uniquely applies this simulation tool to evaluate grid-integrated storage technologies. Furthermore, Nickel-Hydrogen battery systems are analyzed alongside lithium-ion batteries to offer new insights into their performance and applicability in modern power systems.