Smart and Sustainable Economic and Indigenous Farming: Modern Innovation With Traditional Wisdom Bridged

Climate change severely impacts agricultural systems, particularly affecting smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) who rely heavily on rainfed agriculture. Despite scientific advancements, there has been limited integration of indigenous practices with modern technologies to help these farmers address climate challenges and improve food security. Although some Early Warning Systems (EWS) and technologies have been implemented, they often overlook traditional knowledge. This theoretical paper evaluates current smart technologies that incorporate indigenous knowledge, highlighting their strengths and limitations, and suggests future improvements to enhance farmers' resilience and decision-making. From the analysis of various literature, results have shown the possibility of quantifying the Indigenous Knowledge (IK), which by nature is qualitative and unstructured, to become quantitative to enable its integration with science, which is quantitative.