A Coalition Framework for Increasing Market Participation of Electrolysers and Renewable Energy Sources

The generation of electricity from renewable energy sources is highly volatile and intermittent. The excess energy generated by renewable energy sources can be used to generate green hydrogen using electrolysers, thus generating energy demand for the excess energy and maximizing the utilization of renewable energy sources. The paper presents a decentralized framework through which electrolysers and renewable energy sources form a coalition to balance the energy production and demand, maximize the overall revenue and encourage early adopters of electrolyser technology without the need of public subsidies. This guarantees a reasonable distribution of revenue for all participants in the coalition regardless of their entry time into the market. This approach will naturally evolve into a market model in which the most efficient electrolysers will succeed as soon as the investment cost settles and the supply chains develop. Thus, potential electrolyser technology adopters are motivated to participate in a peer-to-peer electricity trading market for the production of hydrogen and drive forward the hydrogen economy.