Traceable and Verifiable Authorized Cloud-Assisted PSI-CA Protocol for Blockchain-Enabled Intelligent Logistics

Amid the rapid development of e-commerce and logistics, enterprises urgently require advanced digital technologies to achieve modernization and intelligent transformation, thereby meeting the fast-changing market demands. Within the logistics Internet of Things (IoT), companies face numerous scenarios that necessitate quantifying the degree of data overlap, where only acquiring statistical information suffices. The private set intersection cardinality (PSI-CA) technology offers an almost ideal solution. However, an effective approach must not only safeguard privacy but also enable companies to demonstrate their data protection capabilities to consumers. Existing PSI-CA solutions neglect the sustainable development needs of enterprises in terms of data correctness, integrity, management transparency, and user retention. Therefore, this article proposes, for the first time, a trackable and verifiable authorized cloud-assisted PSI-CA (TVACPSI-CA) protocol, upon which a multithreaded intelligent logistics system (ILS) is designed to harmonize data privacy protection with operational efficiency in logistics enterprises. The protocol employs accumulators, oblivious pseudorandom function (OPRF), zero-knowledge proof, digital signatures and blockchain technology to achieve objectives, such as data privacy protection, access control, correctness verification of delegated computation, data integrity protection, abuse resistance, and traceability. This facilitates enterprises in mitigating security risks and enhancing customer trust. We rigorously analyze and prove the security of our solution. Finally, a comparative analysis with existing approaches demonstrates that the proposed scheme balances between high security and low communication/computational overhead. This provides the logistics industry with a secure, efficient, and scalable data-sharing solution, thereby enabling operational optimization.