What's Needed to Make 2D Semiconductors Useful for Electronics?

I will present my perspective of how two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors could be used in electronics. For example, key applications can be where their ultrathin nature provides distinct advantages, such as flexible electronics, light-weight solar cells, or nanoscale transistors. I will focus on 2D materials for 3D heterogeneous electronics, which has major advantages for energy-efficient computing. Recent results from our group and others have shown monolayer transistors with low leakage and good performance, which cannot be reached with conventional semiconductors, and the 2D performance can be boosted by strain. I will also describe some applications using 2D materials as thermal insulators, heat spreaders, and thermal switches. Combined, these studies reveal fundamental limits and some applications of 2D materials which take advantage of their unique properties.