Investigation of an Electric Starter Start System With a Combined Current Source When Charging Energy Storage Devices to a Voltage Above the Rated Voltage of the Battery

Internal combustion engines (ICE) are equipped with electric starter start-up (ESP) systems, in which the current source is a starter lead battery (B), which is a reliable ESP element having high specific energy, but low specific power. Therefore, at low temperatures, in order to ensure reliable startup of ICE, it is necessary to use an B of large nominal capacity with a significant reserve of unused electrical energy. The energy stored in the $\mathbf{B}$ at temperatures from -20 to $-30{}^{\circ} \mathbf{C}$ and a high current consumed by the starter electric motor (SM) can be used by $10-15 \%$. Consequently, most of the energy stored in the B cannot be spent on starting the ICE in the most severe operating conditions. At low temperatures, the recoil of the $\mathbf{B}$ in energy and power can decrease so much that starting the ICE becomes impossible. This is, in particular, due to a sharp increase in the internal resistance of the $\mathbf{B}$. To increase the rotation frequency of the crankshaft of the ICE in the initial start-up period with unchanged parameters of the engine or to rotate the crankshaft with the same average frequency when using a smaller capacity allows connecting a capacitive energy storage device (ES) in parallel with the engine, capable of quickly accumulating and releasing stored energy. The charge and discharge time of the ES is determined mainly by the parameters of the charging (directly from the B or other current source) and discharge (on the SM) circuits.