Pathway Toward an Open Source Ecosystem in Power Systems: A blueprint for collaborative innovation and software sustainability

Software plays a crucial role in ensuring the security and reliability of modern electric power grids. Traditionally, software programs are distributed as proprietary products with source code kept confidential. However, as power systems undergo rapid transformations, the unique needs and challenges of different stakeholders have diversified. As a result, the closed-source paradigm may hinder innovation and limit user adaptability to new technologies. This article explores the open-source software development model as a complementary approach to the existing proprietary practices in power systems. It introduces fundamental principles of open-source development, dispels common misconceptions, and highlights the benefits, such as cost-effectiveness, accelerated innovation, and open dissemination of knowledge. It also examines challenges, including governance structures, revenue streams, and customer adoption. Furthermore, we propose a sustainable business model centered around an open-source ecosystem. Our model demonstrates how commercial interests and community-driven development can align through a deliberate focus on governance, licensing, and community engagement strategies. The proposed open-source pathway promises rapid innovation and enhanced adaptability to meet the evolving demands of modern power systems.