A Bioinformatics Approach to Uncover Hub Genes and Potential Drug Targets of Stroke, Heart-Disease, Hyperglycemia, and Hypertension

Multifactorial disorders, including stroke, cardiovascular disease, hyperglycemia, and hypertension, provide substantial global health issues. Despite comprehensive study, the interrelated molecular pathways underlying these disorders remain inadequately understood, obstructing the advancement of cohesive therapy strategies. This study seeks to address this gap by employing a bioinformatics methodology to find shared hub genes and druggable targets across these disorders. The research employs protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks in Cytoscape to identify common molecular hubs. Through the analysis of network topology, with specific emphasis on characteristics such as degree centrality, we rank the most influential genes. Our study identifies 10 essential hub genes: MAPK1, MAPK14, NFKB1, ITGB3, HIF1A, KDR, SIRT1, PPARA, TLR4, and PPARG. Subsequently, we employed the Enrichr program to ascertain possible pharmaceuticals that interact with these hub genes. Our research indicates drugs, such as resveratrol, N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, nitroprusside, bisindolylmaleimide I, and ellagic acid, exhibit significant therapeutic promise as monotherapies aimed at these hub genes across diverse disease pathways. Our research clarifies the genetic framework shared by stroke, heart disease, hyperglycemia, and hypertension, facilitating the creation of effective therapeutic therapies that potentially transform treatment approaches for these interrelated disorders.