Breeze-Driven Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Generator for Wind Energy Harvesting and Application in Smart Weather Station

In distributed energy, wind turbines usually suffer from low harvesting capacity or high cut-in wind speed due to their structures. To tackle this issue, we propose a breeze-driven triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generator (BD-TEHG) that can efficiently harvest energy even at low wind speeds. By integrating the low-frequency adaptability of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with the high-frequency efficiency of electromagnetic generators (EMGs), the BD-TEHG achieves optimized energy conversion across varying wind conditions. By using lightweight rotor materials and a unique wind scoop design, the generator can start at a wind speed as low as 2 m/s, ensuring effective operation in low-wind conditions. Experimental data confirm that the BD-TEHG can generate significant power, providing a consistent and reliable energy source for environmental sensors. By addressing the intermittency of renewable energy sources, reducing reliance on power grids, and minimizing battery replacement needs, this innovation provides a sustainable and efficient solution. The BD-TEHG advances the application of resilient energy systems in environmental monitoring and smart technologies, contributing to the broader utilization of wind energy under challenging conditions.