Research on Enhancing Security and Energy Efficiency of Smart Grid Distribution Systems Through the Integration of Environmentally-Friendly Gas Insulation Technology

Traditional sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas is gradually limited due to its high greenhouse effect, making insulation technology become an important development direction of smart grid distribution system. Aiming at the demand of power distribution system security and energy efficiency optimization, the optimization scheme of smart grid power distribution system is proposed by combining with improved ant colony algorithm. The performance of fault location, path optimization and load balancing is improved by multi-objective optimization method. The results show that the IACO algorithm performs well in fault location time, which decreases from 85.4 seconds to 52.9 seconds, and the efficiency increases by 38.1%. The fault isolation efficiency is improved to 31.4%, which is much higher than other algorithms. The optimization rate of the system energy efficiency is 18.6%, which significantly reduces the power loss. Load balance improvement rate increased to 20.3%, effectively reducing the operating pressure of high-load nodes. Through intelligent optimization algorithm, the research can realize multi-dimensional improvement of the safety, energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of smart grid distribution system, and provide new solutions for the green development of modern power grid.