Design and Performance Evaluation of Multi Mode Charger for Electric Vehicle

Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining significant attention as they provide a sustainable alternative to conventional vehicles, addressing concerns related to environmental pollution and the depletion of non-renewable energy sources. EVs rely on rechargeable battery storage systems, making the efficiency and reliability of EV chargers crucial for their widespread adoption. However, several factors affect the performance of EV chargers, including total harmonic distortion (THD) and ripple distortion in the output voltage. These issues negatively impact battery lifespan and charging time, leading to lower power quality and reduced overall system efficiency. The objective of this work is to design and simulate a universal EV charger that utilizes pulse-width modulation (PWM) for efficient charging control. The proposed system supports two charging modes: Level1 (slow charging) and Level 2 (moderate charging), allowing flexibility for different user requirements. A MATLAB/Simulink - based simulation model is developed to evaluate the system's performance under various operating conditions. The results demonstrate that the charger effectively regulates output voltage and current across different charging levels, ensuring a stable and efficient charging process. Additionally, power quality is significantly improved by minimizing total harmonic distortion and ripple distortion.