An Optimal SG-MFO Based Renewable Energy Source Power Quality Improvement Using UPQC in DPFC System

This work proposes an optimal Stochastic Gradient Moth Flame Optimization (SG-MFO) based renewable energy source power quality improvement using Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) in a Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) system. Power quality issues have become increasingly prevalent due to the growing use of non-linear loads and power electronics devices. The integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into the grid further exacerbates these challenges. To address these concerns, this research introduces a novel approach combining UPQC with an SG-MFO algorithm to enhance power quality in a WSCC 3-machine 9 bus system. The SG-MFO algorithm is employed to optimize the PID controller parameters and improve the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mechanism. The proposed system incorporates a photovoltaic (PV) source and aims to mitigate harmonics, voltage sags, and swells while maximizing energy extraction from renewable sources. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in grid voltage and current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). The grid current THD was reduced from 11.2% to 3.03%, while the grid voltage THD decreased from 7.39% to 1.15% after UPQC activation. The system also effectively compensated for voltage sags and swells, maintaining stable grid voltage and current. These results highlight the efficacy of the proposed SG-MFO based UPQC-DPFC system in enhancing power quality.