Spatial Estimation of Carbon Emissions in a Tourist City: A Geostatistical Approach for Phuket, Thailand

This study examines carbon emissions and energy consumption in Phuket Province in Thailand as case studies. By employing both statistical and spatial datasets, the research aims to provide a comprehensive estimation of carbon emissions per capita. This is achieved by integrating population and tourism data with satellite-derived spatial analysis, offering insights into the relationship between human activities and environmental impact. The methodology emphasizes the identification of trends in carbon emissions across different land uses, including residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, while simultaneously categorizing the urban structure. The results reveal that demographic changes, urban agglomeration, and increased energy consumption, especially within the transportation and commercial sectors which have substantially contributed to the rise in emissions. This approach provides a comprehensive understanding of how variations in land use and urbanization patterns impact the overall carbon footprint. The findings highlight the critical need for targeted low-carbon policies and urban planning strategies to mitigate the environmental consequences of urban expansion and promote sustainable development. By utilizing open data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), this research establishes a comprehensive framework for the assessment and management of urban carbon emissions. This framework can serve as a valuable tool for policymakers and urban planners in designing more sustainable and resilient cities.