Systematic Analysis of the Links Between Obsolescence–Shortage and Reliability–Maintainability–Availability

Component obsolescence and shortages impact virtually all systems, particularly those with extended lifespans, such as aircrafts or trains. Obsolescence (i.e. state of being outdated) and shortage (i.e. lack of components) are distinct yet interconnected challenges and despite their inevitability, systems must maintain acceptable performance levels over extended periods. In this research, the term ‘shortage’ encapsulates the broader concepts of Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages (DMSMS). This study investigates the impacts of obsolescence and shortages on maintainability, reliability, and availability. Existing scientific literature frequently overlooks this influence when calculating associated indicators, often relegating it to a marginal factor despite its potential significant impact. The aim is to underscore the criticality of incorporating obsolescence and shortage considerations into operational availability assessments. This argument stems from two key factors: the accelerating pace of obsolescence and shortages driven by rapid technological advancements, evolving needs, logistical disruptions, or global conflicts, and the inherent risks associated with overestimating operational availability. This study encompasses both the system design-development phase and the operational phase. It examines the relevant concepts and their interrelationships through the lens of international standards and established scientific literature. Furthermore, an industrial case study from a major automotive supplier, focusing on one of its production lines, serves to illustrate partially these relationships. The paper concludes by presenting the study’s findings and outlining potential avenues for future research in this domain.