Study of power transformer protection

Power transformers are generally very reliable; however, any failure of a transformer is potentially costly to repair or replace with another. Failures are usually initiated by severe conditions, such as lightning strikes, network switching, short circuits, or other incidents. Differential protection, a highly sensitive and rapid method, is primarily utilized to protect power transformers from internal faults. This protective measure promptly identifies any deviation in current between various sections of the transformer and promptly triggers a circuit breaker to disconnect the transformer from the power supply. Improvements are necessary for the transformer’s differential protection scheme to accurately distinguish between nonzero differential currents originating from magnetization and those arising from internal faults. Several methods have been proposed, including using symmetrical components to cover the system during magnetization. However, digital computer-based protection offers numerous benefits over traditional approaches, enhancing security and reliability.The proposed study is to develop new techniques for monitoring, digital protection, maintenance, surveillance, and diagnostics of power transformers. Consequently, this will allow us to effectively propose a new approach applied to digital differential protection relay for a power transformer.