Multi-Factor Vehicle Security: RFID, Fingerprint Authentication, and GSM-based Alert Mechanism

Advanced multi-user authentication systems have become vital because vehicle security incidents have increased. A Multi-Layer Authentication Vehicle Security System is developed through the integration of ESP32 microcontroller with fingerprint biometrics and RFID-based ID using the same platform. The RFID cards relate to specific fingerprints allowing different authorized users to safely access their vehicles through this system. RFID verification on EM18 modules stops unauthorized card entry into the vehicle. RF identification success allows the RS307 sensor to finalize the verification through fingerprint matching procedures. Users get three try attempts for verification following which the GSM (SIM900A) system sends an alert to the registered account holder. Low power usage combined with prompt reaction is enabled by the ESP32. Internal tests demonstrated that the GSM module reacted within three seconds while fingerprint authentication succeeded at 98.67% and RFID authentication presented 99.33% success leading to a total system efficiency rate of 98.66%. The system delivers powerful security along with secure multiple user authentications and affordable solutions to stop unauthorized system entry. Security through multi-layer authentication works by implementing various verification methods. The system will benefit from upcoming technological developments that merge cloud-based monitoring systems with AI authentication methods to enhance security and make the system more adaptable.