Design and Control of Active Magnetic Bearing for Desert Terrain Installed Wind Turbines

This paper investigates active magnetic bearings (AMBs) as a solution for wind energy systems in desert environments, where abrasive particles, dust, and extreme temperatures challenge conventional bearings. By using magnetic forces to levitate and stabilize rotors without physical contact, AMBs reduce friction, wear, and the need for lubrication, making them ideal for harsh conditions. However, due to AMBs' nonlinear and dynamic complexities, effective control strategies are essential for maintaining rotor stability and precise positioning. To address these challenges, this study introduces a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control approach for AMBs, optimizing rotor stability and performance in fluctuating desert conditions. The PID controller's gains are carefully fine-tuned to adapt the AMB system to varying operational demands, minimizing displacement errors and enhancing response times. A detailed mathematical model of the AMB system is developed, covering its mechanical and electromagnetic behavior. Extensive simulations using MATLAB/Simulink validate the PID controller's effectiveness, showing consistent rotor stabilization despite external disturbances and load variations. This research advances AMB technology, providing a low-maintenance, resilient, and efficient solution for renewable energy generation in extreme environments.