Exploring the Possibilities of Genetic Engineering for Curing Human De-Formities : A Comprehensive Review

Biotechnology combines biological systems with technology to solve issues and develop valuable products. An essential tool in this field is genetic engineering since it lets researchers modify an organism's DNA to provide desired traits. That means inserting some genes with the help of restriction enzymes, which cut DNA at specific sites, allowing the altered genes to replicate inside the cell. Genetically modified mice and rats are produced with similar techniques, random integration or viral vectors. The great promise of genetic engineering is that it may cure human diseases by correcting the source of many of them, faulty DNA. Most of the time, drugs are temporary, but genetic engineering provides a permanent treatment, either by repairing broken genes, adding healthy copies or silencing bad ones. Gene therapy trials aimed at cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease, for instance, attempt to treat the genetic defect that causes these diseases. Instead, gene therapy involves the introduction of a functional copy of a damaged or absent gene into the patient's cells. Typically, the therapeutic gene is delivered and inserted into the DNA of the target cells with the help of vectors - such as modified viruses. A promising technique is CRISPR, a revolutionary gene-editing tool that allows scientists to accurately cut specific DNA. CRISPR: Another intriguing technique is CRISPR, a revolutionary gene-editing tool that allows scientists to accurately snip certain sections of DNA, allowing for gene repair, mutation removal, and the insertion of new therapeutic genetic sequences. Gene therapy and CRISPR are still evolving, despite their enormous promise in treating everything from sickle cell anemia to cystic fibrosis.