Addressing Security Orchestration Challenges in Next-Generation Networks: A Comprehensive Overview

Security Orchestration (SO) plays a pivotal role in ensuring robust, scalable, and efficient management of security mechanisms in next-generation 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) networks. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the technical challenges related to Security Orchestration (SO) in these advanced network technologies, focusing on key areas such as network security monitoring, interface standardization, privacy, scalability, multi-domain orchestration, and policy implementation. Additionally, we discuss lessons learned from existing works, identify remaining research gaps, and propose future directions for enhancing SO in 5G and B5G environments. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, quantum computing and trusted execution environments (TEE) are also examined for their potential to address these challenges. The paper provides a taxonomy of SO-related issues and offers a roadmap for researchers and practitioners to navigate the evolving landscape of security in 5G and B5G networks.