Optimizing Location Allocation in Urban Management: A Brief Review

Various issues in the fields of urban management, digital transformation, and smart cities have been presented recently. Currently, we like to attend to optimizing location allocation problems that can be a new part of digital transformation in urban management (such as locating and placing facilities, locating and arranging centers such as aid and rescue centers, or even postal hubs, telecommunications, electronic equipment, data centers, and routing in transportation optimization). These issues, which are seemingly simple but in practice complex, are important in urban environments, and the issue of accurate location allocation based on existing criteria directly impacts cost management, profit, efficiency, and citizen satisfaction. In recent years, researchers have used or presented various models and methods for location allocation problems, some of which will be mentioned in this article. This review examines heuristic and meta-heuristic approaches, including GA, PSO, and GIS-based models, highlighting their applications and limitations in urban management optimization. Finally, a brief conclusion will be made of the existing methods and some of their weaknesses, and suggestions will be made for continuing the path and improving scientific and practical research in this field.