Generic Drone Simulator: Design, Development and User Testing in a Virtual Search and Rescue Mission

This study addresses the need for scenario-specific drone simulators to enhance research, education, pilot training, and performance evaluation across diverse mission contexts. A gamified simulator was developed for the joint master's degree program “Security and Defence” between the Open University of Cyprus (OUC) and the Hellenic Air Force Academy (HAFA), with a focus on Search and Rescue mission training and planning. The simulator balances interface design, physics accuracy, and environmental realism to support specialized professional training and research. A survey-based evaluation involving 57 participants –pilots, engineers, and air traffic controllers –demonstrated the tool's ability to provide realistic experiences for trained pilots and meaningful learning opportunities for novices. Statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between gaming familiarity, task completion times, and participant expertise.